Essay War Ethics in Iraq - 821 Words

Lieutenant Colonel Allen B. West of the U.S. Army 4th Infantry Division is a leader doing what a leader is required to do; to lead and protect those in which he leads. LTC West was charged with communicating a threat and aggravated assault. These are serious war crimes charged to a leader who was undeserving of such implications. The villains here are the politicians who prevent soldiers like LTC West from efficiently fighting the war in Iraq. LTC West a battalion officer in Iraq during on or about January of 2003 to October of 2003; made a controversial decision. LTC West and his battalion of artillery and infantry was a fighting unit in Iraq. Fighting units are the units that are actually at the point of attack; on†¦show more content†¦After the second shot was fired the policeman disclosed all information having to do with a sniper ambush. LTC West pursued this invaluable information. The information the policeman gave up was accurate. LTC West and his soldiers wiped out the ambush before it could cause them harm. It is unfortunate that soldiers have to fight with their hands behind their back in Iraq. And there is no doubt about it; soldiers have to do just that. Soldiers in Iraq are fighting under a dangerous environment where the next step could be their last, as loyalists of Saddam Husseins regime attack them relentlessly. The enemy is wearing civilian clothes and hiding behind women and children. So when you ask battalion and company commanders to stop the violence against the Iraqi people and against soldiers, the pressure to use aggressive interrogation techniques seems to be reasonable. LTC West simply put his soldiers first and in doing so saved a countless number of lives. LTC West should not be pursued as a criminal but instead a hero. This act of political positioning has caused a huge wave of demoralization throughout the military; from Iraq to here at home. I can vouch for such feelings in Iraq. I happened to be there in October of 2003 when LTC West was unfairly charged. My unit felt the demoralized and the 82ndShow MoreRelatedThe Ethics of War and the War in Iraq Essay6365 Words   |  26 Pagestonight to talk about the ethics of war. Now to some minds this phrase â€Å"the ethics of war† will likely cause raised eyebrows. â€Å"The ethics of war? What can ethics possibly have to do with war? Isn’t war evil?† Well, of course it is. War is a terrible thing. The existence and prevalence of war in history is, in fact, ample testimony to the depravity and wickedness of Man. The conduct of war involves the intentional killing of human beings and the destruction of property. War inevitably causes untoldRead MoreEthics As A Code Of Conduct880 Words   |  4 PagesEthics, in politics, can be used as a ‘code of conduct’ – a set of rules or norms for diplomatic behaviour. When considering ethics as a constraint on states and political institutions, it can be argued to be powerful and influential. However, the question of whether politics can be improved by ethics is debatable. The aim of this essay is to highlight evidence for and against the notion of whether ethics can constrain and improve politics through the use of realism and cosmopolitanism, their argumentsRead MoreWas The 2003 Invasion Of Iraq A Legitimate Humanitarian Intervention?1233 Words   |  5 Pagesinvasion in Iraq a legitimate humanitarian intervention? ​Whether the 2003 invasion in Iraq was a legitimate humanitarian intervention or not, is two folded. For instance, when viewed in the perspective of protecting the Iraqi citizens from the inhumane reign that they were subjected to, the invasion can said to be legitimate humanitarian intervention. On the other hand, when the invasion is seen in terms of its aftermath such as the destruction caused by it, the unpredictability nature of the war (LambethRead MoreReassessing the Impacts of ‘WikiLeaks and the Iraq War Logs’ 621 Words   |  3 Pages‘WikiLeaks and the Iraq War Logs’ had shocked the population across the globe, leaving a tragic imprint in our minds from the 400,000 classified logs. Bradley Manning, the leaker, wanted to ‘change the world for the better’. However, the word ‘better’ have caused unlimited questions to be raised, which allowed us to reassess the impact it had put out into the world. Views were varied th rough different perceptions, whether it was better or worst for the society. Nonetheless, in order to judge theRead MoreWho is Responsible for the Establishment of the War in Iraq?699 Words   |  3 PagesAccountability: After reviewing the just war theory in relation to the war in Iraq, it is assessed the Iraq war did not meet the requirements for the Iraq war. Michael Walzer stated that, ‘the Iraq war was an unnecessary war and unnecessary wars are also unjust wars’ (Religion and Ethics news weekly, 2009, Online). As a result, the Iraq war did not have a plausible cause or authorisation for intervention. Due to the failure to assess whether Iraq did conceal WMD, Weapons inspector David Kay arguesRead MorePersian Gulf And Iraq War1089 Words   |  5 Pages2015 Persian Gulf Iraq War The Persian Gulf/ Iraq War was one of the longest wars in American history. The Iraq War alone lasted nine years, and the Persian Gulf War lasted a little over a year. Many veterans faced hardships upon returning home. These hardships include: illness, homelessness, and unemployment in the midst of one of America s worst economic depressions in history. Shouldn t veterans be treated better? The Persian Gulf War, otherwise known as the Gulf War was an internationalRead MoreWhy Do Some States Engage In War? This Has Been A Crucial1744 Words   |  7 PagesWhy do some states engage in war? This has been a crucial question for humanity as well as for many international relations scholars that study the relationship between states and how they coexist in the international context. Throughout history, many influential thinkers have come up with theories to explain the nature of the international system and the behavior of states. Liberal theories such as the democratic peace theory argue that war can be justifiable if it represents the establishment ofRead MoreA Brief History of Iraq737 Words   |  3 PagesIraq borders Turkey to the North and Iran to the East. Iraq was colonized by Great Britain in particular, British efforts to colonize and govern Iraq were miscalculated and self serving, resulting in the creation of an unbalanced and violent nation, divided along ethic a nd separation lines of many different ethnic backgrounds. The failures of the Cairo Conference along with the lack of understanding between Britain’s understanding of the Arab nationalist movement and the appointment of Faisal asRead MoreEthics And Morality : A Noble Cause Corruption1196 Words   |  5 PagesEthics and morality are broad topics of everyday life. Instinctively, we as humans know the difference between right and wrong but in some cases, our ethics will narrow. Actions and decisions become selfish and for the sole purpose of personal gain. In some cases, unethical ways may even be illegal. Noble cause corruption is a prime example of when a person will utilize unethical means for a result to benefit the greater good. Noble cause corruption differs with traditional corruption. TraditionalRead MoreDoes The Ends Justify The Means?1597 Words   |  7 Pagesexamples of both positive and negative application outcomes. This should allow readers to gain a better unde rstanding of why the doctrine of does the ends justify the means can become clouded and how the decision being made should have a basis of one’s ethics and moral judgement. The Doctrine: Does the Ends Justify the Means? The question: Does the Ends Justify the Means? is brought to discussion in the text by Riemer, Simon, Romance (2014) with regards to Niccolo Machiavelli s political strategy of

How to Balance a Redox Reaction in a Basic Solution

Redox reactions commonly take place in acidic solutions. The could just as easily take place in basic solutions. This example problem shows how to balance a redox reaction in a basic solution.Redox reactions are balanced in basic solutions using the same half-reaction method demonstrated in the example problem Balance Redox Reaction Example. In summary: Identify the oxidation and reduction components of the reaction.Separate the reaction into the oxidation half-reaction and reduction half-reaction.Balance each half-reaction both atomically and electronically.Equalize the electron transfer between oxidation and reduction half-equations.Recombine the half-reactions to form the complete redox reaction. This will balance the reaction in an acidic solution, where there is an excess of H ions. In basic solutions, there is an excess of OH- ions. The balanced reaction needs to be modified to remove the H ions and include OH- ions. Problem: Balance the following reaction in a basic solution:Cu(s) HNO3(aq) → Cu2(aq) NO(g) Solution: Balance the equation using the half-reaction method outlined in the  Balance Redox Reaction Example. This reaction is the same one used in the example  but was balanced in an acidic environment. The example showed the balanced equation in the acidic solution was:3 Cu 2 HNO3 6 H→ 3 Cu2 2 NO 4 H2OThere are six H ions to remove. This is accomplished by adding the same number of OH- ions to both sides of the equation. In this case, add 6 OH- to both sides. 3 Cu 2 HNO3 6 H 6 OH- → 3 Cu2 2 NO 4 H2O 6 OH-The H ions and OH- combine to form a water molecule (HOH or H2O). In this case, 6 H2O are formed on the reactant side.3 Cu 2 HNO3 6 H2O → 3 Cu2 2 NO 4 H2O 6 OH-Cancel out the extraneous water molecules on both sides of the reaction. In this case, remove 4 H2O from both sides.3 Cu 2 HNO3 2 H2O → 3 Cu2 2 NO 6 OH-The reaction is now balanced in a basic solution.

Should Immigrants Be An American Citizen - 992 Words

Should immigrants have a pathway to American citizenship? Of course, all immigrants should be granted a pathway to becoming an American citizen because Americans are all immigrants to this country. Thirty percent of the small businesses started in America are started by these immigrants who come in search of a higher quality life. When they start these businesses they are providing jobs for American workers, which will boost our economy. Also, various immigrants have developed cutting-edge technologies along with companies such as Google, eBay, Yahoo, and Intel. The majority of these immigrants indulge themselves in our local markets, which boost the demand for these local goods. Several of these immigrants are also hard workers requiring little pay; for instance, if they are picking blueberries they may be paid five dollars for a three gallon bucket of blueberries. Also, immigrants are only on welfare because they give up everything to come to America. If granted an easier pathway t o citizenship, they could be taken off of welfare, which would benefit America in the long run. Immigrants should be allowed an easier pathway to citizenship to be taken off of welfare, add to the consumption of local goods, and boost the economy. Whether immigrants offer economic growth or not has imposed many questions throughout the years. Truth is they are providing economic growth, both the low-skilled and high-skilled immigrants. Immigrants of low-skill provide a lot of laborers; theyShow MoreRelatedUndocumented Immigrants Should Be The Same Rights As American Citizens1359 Words   |  6 Pagesundocumented immigrants should receive the same rights as American citizens are a categorical truth. Although some advocates against undocumented immigration would argue that they have overpopulated our nation, these romantic critics are too dogmatic in their provincial ideology. Everyone has the human rights and have the authority to enter to the country without being deported. People should know the reasons why immigrants come to America before deporting them. More than 11 million immigrants are undocumentedRead MoreChildren Born in the U.S. to Illegal Immigrants Should NOT Become American Citizens925 Words   |  4 PagesChild ren Children born in the U.S. to illegal immigrants should not become U.S. citizens. Many pregnant immigrant women are illegally coming into the country just to have their babies. These women get free medical attention for themselves and the baby. This is costing the U.S. millions of dollars every year. It’s time to end the policy that illegal immigrant mothers can stay in the U.S. just because she has given birth to a child that is now a citizen. These mothers cross the border illegallyRead MoreImmigration : The United States1087 Words   |  5 Pagesimpact the job market for American citizens. It is the jobs of American citizens to be given more to this illegal immigrant. I believe the U.S. borders should remain closed. While it is clear that opening the borders can have benefits, I believe it is more important to keep jobs available for Americans. In my opinion, I think the US borders should remain close because Citizens` or Americans` should be the first getting opportunity better than an Immigrant. The US should close its borders becauseRead MoreThe Importance Of Immigrants Role In Society791 Words   |  4 Pagesthe 19th century, waves of immigrants have migrated to the U.S. in search of the freedom and prosperity guaranteed by the Constitution. In pursuit of the â€Å"American† dream immigrants take shelter on American soil each year seeking employment, education, refuge, and better lives for their families. In 2015, the Migration Policy Institute reported that: â€Å"there were 43.3 million immigrants in the U.S. accounting for 13.5% of the U.S. population.† It’s unfortunate that immigrants role in society is misunderstoodRead MoreImmigration And The United States941 Words   |  4 Pagestremendous problem in America today. Thousands of immigrants every year travel illegally into the United States, and the United States immigration system is in turmoil. It takes years for immigrants to be admitted into the U.S.; for example, David Joseph, spent two years of his life in Khrome s detention center. A good idea to quickly welcome immigrants that will benefit the American society would be to increase border patrol, and to allow more the immigrants who will be beneficial to our society to beRead MoreImmigrants Be Illegal1 600 Words   |  7 Pages Immigrating should be legal because I believe we all have human rights and freedom is one of our rights so why can’t we all be equal. I honestly feel like immigrants work really hard and seek for a better life, If it wasn’t for immigrants crossing over here how would our countries even hold ups are basically the ones who run it. How are some of us considered legal and some illegal; aren’t we all supposed to be equal? Illegal citizens usually move to other countries in search of improved livingRead MoreImmigration And The Pillars Of Freedom706 Words   |  3 Pagesas a nation immigrants and these immigrants roughly take up 13% of the population (Migration Policy). In recent years, immigrants have been treated harshly and have felt unwelcomed in the land of the free and these immigrants have come to find an opportunity in America that they could not find in their own country. American citizens believe the immigrants are hurting the economy. They believe there sho uld be a limit on the number of immigrants that are coming to America, but if American dream is theRead MoreThe Economic Impact Of Illegal Immigration902 Words   |  4 PagesThe economic impact of illegal immigrants in Texas has brought concerns for the state s economy. Such as opportunities, health care, and education. Illegal immigrants contribute both positively and negatively to the Texas economy. They contribute positively by paying for taxes such as sales taxes, health taxes and taxes imposed on items. The negative impacts these immigrants have on the Texas economy seems to overweigh these positive impacts. Their presence has made general wages go down for unqualifiedRead MoreIllegal Immigration Should Be Allowed721 Words   |  3 PagesIllegal Immigration Should Be Allowed Illegal immigration is the immigration of someone from his or her home country to another country without becoming a legal citizen. Illegal immigrants have many different names; illegal aliens, undocumented workers, and unauthorized citizens are just a few names they are called. Whether undocumented workers should stay in the country or leave has been debated in the United States for a long time. In the year 2006, there was an estimated 11.5 to 12 million undocumentedRead MoreIllegal Immigrants : A Big Problem With Illegal Immigration1150 Words   |  5 Pagesnow that he is getting ready to leave office. Most Americans want the border closed, but that will only solve half the problem. The other half of the problem can be solved by deporting the illegal immigrants that are already in the United States. Illegal immigrants are taking American jobs. Therefore, negatively affecting the economy. Furthermore, they have a higher crime rate than the average U.S. citizen. Yet, supporters vie w illegal immigrants as a good thing because it helps grow the economy

Factors Influencing Consumer Behavior, Patterns of Demand and Purchase Coursework

Essays on Factors Influencing Consumer Behavior, Patterns of Demand and Purchase Coursework The paper â€Å"Factors Influencing Consumer Behavior, Patterns of Demand and Purchase " is a  motivating version of coursework on marketing. Consumer behavior research enables better understanding and forecasting not only of the subject of purchases but also of purchasing motives and purchasing frequency (Schiffman, Kanuk 2004). One of the present fundamental presumptions for the consumer behavior research is the fact, that people often buy products not because of their main function but for their subjectively perceived value (Stà ¡vkovà ¡, Stejskal, and Toufarovà ¡, 2008). There are a lot of factors influencing consumers through the decision-making process. The literature classifies and structures these factors in various ways. From the point of view o the marketing planner, the mix of cultural, social, personal and psychological factors that influence behavior are largely uncontrollable. Given the fact that the influence they exert upon patterns of buying behavior, it would automatically become essentially that as many efforts as possible are put into the creation of an understanding of how these factors interact with each other and ultimately the manner in which they influence purchasing behavior. Factors influencing Consumer BehaviorCultural FactorsThe most fundamental of the four influencing factors and the therefore logically the starting point for any analysis of consumer behavior patterns is the buyer’s set of cultures. The factors of culture would include the culture, sub-culture, and social class. Of these it is the culture of the society that typically would be the most fundamental and enduring influence on behavior, given the fact that human behavior is very largely the result of our socialization, initially within the family and then increasingly within a series of other institutions such as schools, friendships groups, clubs and so on (Gilligan and Wilson, 2009). The broad set of values would be influenced in turn by the subcultures in which one is developed-these would include nationality groups, religious groups, racial groups, and geographical areas. Finally, the impact of the sub-cultures is ultimately defined by a third set of variables-those of social s tratification and in particular those of social classes. The idea here is based on the simple assumption that people within a given particular social class are more similar than those from different social classes and that the tastes and the demands of a group from a particular class would determine the ultimate taste and demand pattern of a given individual. Psychological factorsThese factors deal with the psychological processes that are built into the individual consumer’s system. The important aspect to be noted with respect to these psychological factors is that these factors are interlinked and these interlinkages result in behavior. For example, though perceptions and attitudes are conceptually different in terms of their applications in the marketing context, attitudes also contain a perceptual component (Kumar, 2008). The body of consumer behavior views them distinctively to focus on specific applications. This is done to provide conceptual clarity to students of consumer behavior views them distinctively to focus on specific applications; this is done to provide the student of consumer marketing a clear perspective. Personally, concepts are important among psychological factors because they pack a brand with an emotional appeal to the appropriate target segment of consumers. In most categories, consumers do not just look for functional benefits. They also look for symbolic gains-which are those that consumers perceive as beyond the functional qualities of a brand. These may be emotional in nature, might remove around self-concepts, be associated with brand appeal, or with human traits. The personality for the brand formulated with the personality or reference group principles may be reflected through brand imagery. Brand imagery is strongly associated with perception. As stated earlier this also illustrates the fact that psychological factors are interlinked.

Teen Mom Evaluation Free Essays

Rachel Lee Prof. Goode English 190 October 24, 2012 Teen Mom: An Evaluation Don’t worry, everything is going to be fine. You’re just going to have to change the rest of your life. We will write a custom essay sample on Teen Mom Evaluation or any similar topic only for you Order Now Many people think teen pregnancy is highly unlikely, until, well, your stomach starts to keep growing outward. The MTV show, Teen Mom, takes us into the lives of four pregnant teenage women who face the challenges and the struggles of having a child early in life. Many people might oppose my view and say that this show is completely worthless and just shows couples who have no idea what they’re doing, but for me, I believe that the show is an entertaining yet positive influence that brings out a visual reality of teenage pregnancy, a pregnancy that can change the rest of your life. One day back when I was around sixteen years old, I was flipping through the channels and stumbled upon MTV’s Teen Mom. The first thing that I realize about the show is that it is a reality t. v. show, which is the type of show I can usually get into. There may be some parts that are scripted, but honestly what reality t. v. show these days isn’t somewhat a little scripted? At first, the show had no effect on me. It was something I would only watch for around ten minutes then I would change to another channel, but before I knew it I had already watched all the seasons of it. Now Teen Mom is a guilty pleasure of mine. So what makes this show so easy for me to watch, and why do I like it so much now? First off, it’s not a show where you have to watch the very first episode and the next one picks off where the pervious one left off. You could watch any episode and understand what was going on. Another reason is that the show is so relatable since it is happening to girls who are around my age. I think back to my group of friends when watching the show and just think about what it would be like to have one of them on it. Also, the point of the show is very straight-forward. A girl gets pregnant while she a teen, she loses friendships, she loses her education, she loses money, and she gains disappointment from her family. Then you try to see how she copes with what happened, and how she continues to live her life, but this time with a child. Another thing that draws me to it is that I am a sucker for cute toddlers, and the show focuses not only on the lives of the couples but also on the child and how they develop through the parents’ struggles. I believe that the show scares teens with the reality of having a child. I think this show could be very practical for people who are in the same situation as the people on the show. I think this show was made to bring about peoples’ awareness of the issue on teenage pregnancy. To me, I think this was the purpose of the show, so the show has practicality. I think the show does a good job of being aesthetically pleasing. Instead of just focusing on one couple who undergoes the struggle of teen pregnancy, they show the lives of four couples from around the world so you get a difference sense of how different people deal with this. The couples range from being well rounded and proper southern teenagers to teenagers who have no filter on their mouths and no discipline in their lives, which is a reason the show is entertaining for me. Each episode is never the same. There is always some new event going on in the lives of these teenagers, whether it’s a positive event or a negative event. The life of these teens seems to be an up and down rollercoaster that never stops. There is meaning to this show which is to inform people about teenage pregnancy so they will avoid it, and through the episodes you see that these teens learned that lesson, but learned it too late. Ethically, I believe that the show does bring about morally wrong decisions. One of the main women, Amber, is seen as an abusive wife to her husband, Gary. Throughout the season she is seen hitting, slapping, pushing, and verbally abusing him. When things go downhill, she seems to take it out on him in front of their child, Leah. Also another woman, Farrah is seen in countless fights with her mother, some involving punches to the face resulting in black eyes, so domestic violence and abuse seem to be an issue with the show. Also, another woman on the show has a father who is seen in and out of rehab and prison due to drugs. The father has also been said to have abused his wife throughout the show. With this being said, there are some obscene events that do go on throughout the show that could offend some viewers. If you’re looking for a show that goes into the glamorous lifestyle of a famous family or couple, this probably would not be the show for you, but if you’re looking for a show that provides an entertaining look into the lives of your average teenage couple who deal with an everyday struggle, I would highly recommend this show. Some people may see the show as a comedy, but underneath it all it gives them the hard and scary truth about what it would be like to be a teen mom. Related post: Social Studies SBA on Teenage Pregnancy How to cite Teen Mom Evaluation, Essay examples

Current Change Management Theory Making Organization Could Happen

Question: Describe about the Current Change Management Theory for Making Organization Could Happen. Answer: Introduction Change management is an organized approach that is planned and executed to bring about a positive change in a company and its people. Change Management has 3 different parts: adjusting according to the change, guiding the change, achieving the change (Rouse, 2014). In a company change management means stating and applying techniques in response to changes in environment and the success that result from these changes. The more emphasis is on the workers and how they as alone or in groups carry out these changes from the present scenario to a new one. Change does not happens in separation, it affects the whole unit surrounding it, and all the workers that are involved (Change Management, 2014). So in a way to accomplish change profitably, it is important to consider the broader effects of change. Change Management Models Some models are prescribed for change management in organizations. These models are helpful as they define and streamline a process, to make it easy to apprehend. The Prosci Adkar Model A change in any unit can only start by considering this in mind that how a change can be accomplished with an individual. Between the various implements accessible to bring a change in person, the ADKAR model presented by Prosci is most widely used. It is a task concerned model to teach an individual and an organization regarding the change. ADKAR is an abbreviation in which each letter denotes five signposts a person should attain to become successful: awareness,desire, knowledge, ability, reinforcement (Hiatt, 1994). The model gives an outline and order for handling an individual from the beginning in response to change. The ADKAR model starts when a change has been recognized. In Standard form, to bring about any change a person require: awareness of the importance of change, desire to involve in that change, knowledge on how the change can be brought about, ability to execute the necessary talents and conducts, reinforcement to maintain the change. This model sketches the aims, o bjectives and results of the fruitful change. It is an efficient and active implement for scheduling change management events, identifying breaks, evolving remedial deed, and gives assistance to managers (Board, 2013). To make best out of this model, it is essential to comprehend all the features in role at the beginning and its result on the change accomplishment. Change occurs in two sizes: 1) business side of change 2) individual side of change. Fruitful change is an outcome of all the two sizes of change growing concurrently. Lewin Model The basic model for accepting change in an organization was made by Kurt Lewin in 1950. He viewed the fact that many people likes and functions in regions of wellbeing and security (Normandin, 2012). His model consist of 3 steps: unfreeze, change, refreeze. He defined change in an organization by comparing with the change in shape of a cube of ice. UnfreezeMany people makes a dynamic attempt against a change. To defeat this approach, a gap period of melting or unfreezing must be announced through inspiration. Make the organization realize that change is important (Three Types of Change Management Models,2012). Collapse the present status of the organization to formulate a new style of functioning. Cultivate convincing letters as to why the current style of undertaking things cannot stay. Provocate the organizational opinions, morals, approaches, and conducts. Presume vagueness (Board, 2013). Change Once the change has begun, the organization proceeds towards a shift period, which can stay for some duration of time. Satisfactory direction and guarantee is important for the procedure to be fruitful (Three Types of Change Management Models, 2012). People starts to find solution to their vagueness, find and have faith in new styles of doing things, and proceed in manner to provide new path. They will need some time to hold to new path and sincerely join the change. Understand that each person will not confirm with others to keep the change and its advantages (Board, 2013). Refreeze When the change has been acknowledged and fruitfully executed, the organization turn out to be constant again, workers refreezes when they function under fresh procedures (Three Types of Change Management Models, 2012). Changes starts to assume a form and shape. External symbols comprises a steady organization chart, regular job explanations, while internalization includes integration into ordinary business. Credit to workers pains fortifies their trust in coming change. Organising parties for the victory of change helps workers to find conclusion (Board, 2013). The change model proposed by Lewin is modest and easy to carry out. It begins with crafting any inspiration to change (unfreeze), carrying the process of change by upholding active means of exchange of information and permitting workers to hold new style of doing their job. The change lasts when the company proceeds to a stage of constancy (refreeze), which is important for crafting the coolness to board to the next upcoming unavoidable change. Every stage marks its own functions that denotes inspiration, execution, and loyalty to changes within an organization. Kotter Model This model was proposed by John Kotter, a lecturer from Harvard university. This model sees change as a battle to be fought. The workers completely believe in the set of ideas after the frontrunners persuades them about the immediate action required for the change to happen. According to him for a change to occur, 75 percent of the workers should have believe in new set of opinions and for this he familiarizes with an eight-step method for executing fruitful changes ((Board, 2013). The 8 stages are: Initiating the firmness for change- To assist the workers for the requirements for change and the people will be persuaded for acting in that direction instantly. Form a crew committed to change: Gather a team with sufficient supremacy to bring about a change. Boost the team to work collectively and friendly. Construct the vision for change: construct a vision to get a straight advantage in their reaction of change. Cultivate plans for attaining the vision constructed. 4. Exchanging information regarding the need for change: Ensure that maximum number of people comprehends and agrees to follow the vision constructed and the plan and scheme. Permit team with the capacity to change: Eradicate hurdles from the way to change. Change all the processes or structures which are responsible to completely weaken the vision already constructed. Inspire people to carry out threat-taking and old thoughts and actions. Develop objectives that are for a short period of time: Make schedule for all the accomplishments that can be observed and seen very easily. Monitor all these accomplishments and identify and distinguish those workers that are responsible for it. Those workers should be given a reward. Remain determined and dont give up: Make use of enlarged reliability to change processes, structures, and strategies which cannot be associated to the vision already constructed. Appoint, encourage, and mature workers who can execute the vision. Refresh and strengthen the systems with fresh schemes, plans, subjects and change managers. Mark the change as everlasting and integrating it into the organizational culture: Coherent networks should be established between fresh actions and victory of the organizations. Create ways to make sure that leadership advances in a sequence. Kotters stages are laid on a strong groundwork of exchange of information between people, authorization, and attention on the vision made. Following the change, it is important to embed new approaches so that people do not revert to old habits. Monitoring, feedback, and intervention are necessary for a period after the changes have occurred. Schein Theory Schein elaborates the Lewin model and defines means to melt a company, transfers it to a new state and stabilizes the change. According to him for melting a company people should not be in accordance with the present state, they should develop an urge to change and then hold on to that change(1992, 1985, 1980) After people realizes the necessity for change and changes are brought, people see a hole between what is present and what will come new. As a result of this fault, the workers will be inspired to minimize the hole and attain the change required. People should be made sure that the change will not humiliate them. He calls second stage as cognitive restructuring in which people perceive and reply to things inversely in the forthcoming times. For this to be efficient, people should recognize fresh role replicas for the cognitive restructuring. People should attain fresh, appropriate details which will help people to carry onward with the desired change. He divided third stage in two segments- self and relations with others. For changes to be everlasting, people should follow the altered route of doing things as a portion of their individual self-esteem. People should be sure that their individual approaches and conduct are associated with the system and associations with others must be frozen. Change Interventions Researchers suggests four subjects or matters that were in general to all changes (1) subjective problems which laid emphasis on the material of current changes in organization; (2) circumstantial problems that are concerned mostly with powers in an organizations outside and inside environments;(3) structure problems which speaks deeds carried out during the presentation of any proposed change and (4) benchmark problems which laid emphasis on the results generally measured in struggles during a change in an organization. According to researchers, 3 steps are required that initiate and causes change. Firstly change takes place in response to a reaction to environmental issues. There are very big external environmental factors like improved technology, monetary changes, and fast growth in world market, irregular culture and social systems which are the dynamic powers that causes the necessity to change (George and Jones, 2002). Within an organization the leaders creates various internal environmental powers that causes the change to increase the companys development and progress. The essential changes starts in some organizations which causes fundamental conversion in which they try to refresh business directions by transforming the reporting format. Secondly after the change is viewed it has to be administered and executed by functioning in the way of planned aim. Lastly, the change is considered and the company calculates its results by comparing it with the aim it has to achieve (Marshak, 2006). In present period, organization lays its importance on the routine or regular soft problems like headship, inspiration and culture. Researchers suggests that these essential parts are important, but only considering them cannot implement a change (Sirkin, 2005). But the company has to lay more emphasis on the tough elements of the issues concerning change management. For this four features has been defined: 1) Duration signifies the time in which change has been carried out. 2) Integrity refers to the skill of the group working as a team to implement the change in the time proposed, depending on the capability of the workers. 3) Commitment is the attitude of the leader in response to change and also the love of the workers towards the new process. 4) Effort refers to the assessment of the additional energy that the workers put in to bring the change other than their regular work. Analysis According to me Lewin change management model is the best as it is simple, a three step process requires less of time and above all easy to understand and to a maximum suits in many organizations. Conclusion In future, change itself is shifting because of fast moving, scientific and more competition with in the world. So the change models should have a good vision, aim and objective. The change management models are still used as they were used in olden times but the only difference is in the quickness of each stage or level. In old times these changes became the function of the company but now they are considered as on time event. There were various theories for change management depending on the requirements. This article elaborates the ADKAR, Lewin, Kotter, Schein models for change management. For a change to be fruitful, the systems and processes incorporated should be simple, priceless, and workers at all levels should have the power to decide regarding that change (Pryor et al, 2008). And also only those organizations succeed in which the leaders in a company should have a foresight to discover the future while others fail which cannot discover and adjust to that change. List Of References Rouse, M. (2014). Change Management. Tech Target. Change Management: Making organization could happen effectively. (2014). Mind Tools. Hiatt, J. (1994). 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